Fengzhu Textile "Pollution Discharge" Fog Pollution Control Cost Is Higher Than Pollution Discharge

　　 textile industry The discharge of waste water and other pollutants has become a major culprit of environmental pollution. Previously, an investigation report said that at least 6000 textile enterprises had pollution problems, including international and domestic brand suppliers. After in-depth investigation, the reporter found that Fengzhu Textile, a well-known enterprise in Fujian, has a series of questions about whether it is normal sewage treatment or "sewer" leakage?

　　 Fengzhu textile "sewage" fog

A local environmental protection organization told reporters that due to the large number of polluting enterprises, the environmental protection department could not find out; Even some enterprises will stop production or start pollution disposal equipment to muddle through the inspection by the environmental protection department, and the penalty for pollution discharge is often much lower than the cost of pollution control

Although the idiom "destruction is easier than construction" is widely known, it is often ignored in the face of interests. Data shows that 2/3 of China's cities are facing a shortage of water resources, and the limited clean water resources are being destroyed by sewage discharge.

The boring data is far less shocking than what you see with your own eyes. A few days ago, the reporter went to Quanzhou, Jinjiang and Shishi, three textile industry centers in Fujian Province, to investigate, and still felt the problem was serious.

A local person who has been engaged in the textile industry for many years told the reporter, "It is better to advocate environmental protection now, and it used to discharge sewage directly. At present, enterprises that directly discharge sewage without treatment cannot be eliminated.

During the investigation, the reporter found that there was a similar phenomenon in Fengzhu Textile, and interviewed Shi Jinping, the secretary of Fengzhu Textile. In response to a reporter's inquiry, he said that the company did not steal, leak or drain, and the sewage was treated.

Doubt 1:

Leakage of "sewer"?

As Jinjiang Fengzhu Textile, an old listed company, is located in Jinjiang City. When the reporter drove along a main road in Jinjiang City, he could see the six characters of "Fujian Fengzhu Group" hanging high in the middle of the wide arch. Looking inside, he saw a factory building.

Entering the gate of Fengzhu Textile, the reporter saw the green belt on the roadside, giving a feeling of relaxation and happiness, which shows that the company has made great efforts to the working environment.

Not far from the door, you can see the signposts of Fengzhu Textile Printing and Dyeing No. 1 and No. 3 Factories and Sewage Treatment Plant. As the reporter entered during working hours, there were not many people walking in the factory except for the cars pulling goods. After inquiry, the reporter found Fengzhu Textile Printing and Dyeing Factory.

From a distance, you can see a large number of cloth stacked outside the gate of the printing and dyeing factory. The dyed cloth has dark blue, black, red, green and other colors, all arranged in rolls.

Approaching the printing and dyeing factory, the reporter saw that each roll of stacked cloth was attached with a detailed label of goods, indicating the manufacturer, customer name, product name, color number, door frame, etc. Looking inside the printing and dyeing factory, the bleached and dyed fabrics are processed by multiple machines and rolled.

The reporter did not find the discharged sewage in the printing and dyeing factory, but found the sewage treatment plant of Fengzhu Textile at the end of the factory across the road.

From the perspective of plant layout, Fengzhu Textile's sewage treatment plant is next to the printing and dyeing plant, and there is only a two-way road between them. A row of tropical trees are planted beside the road of the sewage treatment plant, and green grass and low vegetation are planted at the lower part, which is green from afar.

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But when the reporter approached, he found that there was a similar "sewer" between the sewage treatment plant and the green belt. There are several pipes in the upper part of the ditch, and there is sewage with dye in the "sewer" below the pipe. A local environmental protection organization explained to the reporter that this phenomenon is very similar to leakage discharge.

Shi Jinping, Secretary of the Board of Fengzhu Textile, explained when replying to the reporter's question: "The function of the sludge drainage ditch of the flotation tank in our sewage treatment plant is to discharge the sludge into the sludge thickening tank. The third bleaching and dyeing plant is behind the air flotation tank. Since the terrain of the plant is nearly 2 meters higher than that of the sewage plant, a small amount of groundwater seeps into the sludge drainage ditch of our plant, but all the leaked groundwater is discharged to the sewage regulating tank for centralized treatment. "

Shi Jinping said that the slope of the flotation sludge discharge ditch is three thousandths. Sludge is treated by dehydration and boiler incineration.

In order to verify whether Shi Jinping's answer is correct, the reporter then consulted an expert who was engaged in environmental protection audit in the Environmental Protection Bureau. The expert was not satisfied with the answer of Fengzhu Textile, and raised several questions.

"From many years of experience, this is not like an air flotation mud drain, but more like a sewer." Experts questioned that this so-called air flotation mud drain is located next to the green belt, and plants can be seen beside the ditch, which is non-standard. Generally speaking, the sludge tank should be independent, and the sludge also needs to be treated. The company should have a treatment belt, but the sludge here has not been treated, and no corresponding treatment device has been seen.

Experts believe that the sewage discharged from the factory should be treated by air flotation before being discharged to the sludge drain, while the treatment of Fengzhu Textile does not conform to the process. It is understood that the method of air flotation treatment is to push the pollutants in the sewage in the sewage tank to the water surface, spray flocculants, make the pollutant particles become larger and precipitate, and then discharge them to the sludge drainage ditch, specifically the sludge tank. "The air flotation method is used to use tiny bubbles as the carrier to adhere the impurity particles in the water so that their density is less than water, and then the particles are carried by the bubbles to the water surface. By spraying flocculants, the flocculating sedimentation method is used to absorb the pollutants in the sewage, so that they can form large flocculent particles and then precipitate, which are discharged to the sludge thickener for pressure filtration treatment and then transported to the treatment plant for treatment. This is the normal processing flow. "

It is understood that flocculation sedimentation is commonly used in the treatment of printing and dyeing wastewater, which can remove 40-50% CODcr and 60-80% chroma.

Experts also pointed out that the mud in the flotation sludge drainage ditch should be transported away for treatment. If the mud is not transported away for treatment, it will not work. It can be seen from Picture 1 that there are not only sludge and sewage in the ditch, but also traces of drying, especially in the upper part of the ditch. Experts suspect that the company put the sludge aside for evaporation, and this treatment method is obviously inconsistent with the operation process. "If it is not transported away and put aside by evaporation, it will produce certain 'secondary pollution'."

"The amount of printing and dyeing sewage determines the amount of sludge." Experts suspect that Feng Zhu's explanation that the picture is of the sludge discharge ditch of the flotation tank is untrue. "This is the only sludge in such a large factory? It is obviously disproportionate. Because such a large printing and dyeing amount cannot only have this amount of sludge".

To sum up the above doubts, experts believe that the so-called mud drain of the flotation tank of Fengzhu Textile is actually more like a sewer.

Doubt 2:

"Drainage well" is suspected of being stolen?

The reporter followed the suspected "sewer" road again and found a small well shaped pool after walking a long distance. The sewage flows into the pipes in two directions after being discharged from the pipes in the direction of the printing and dyeing plant. One is in the pipe in the direction of the sewage treatment plant, and the other flows into the ground from an opening with a valve beside the pipe.

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"This situation that two outlets are controlled by one gate indicates that the company is suspected of secretly discharging (sewage). The pipeline of the printing and dyeing plant is not connected with the pipeline of the sewage treatment plant, but a section is missing." The environmentalist said to the reporter, "This valve controls the flow of sewage. If you open the valve, it will directly drain to the ground. If you close the valve, the sewage will flow to the sewage treatment plant."

According to the description of the above experts, according to the relevant regulations, there should only be one sewage pipeline. If there is diversion, there is a strong suspicion of illegal discharge.

"Because the inflow direction is different, there are two drainage pipes. There is a valve partition that will not discharge to the two pipes." Shi Jinping, secretary of Fengzhu Textile, explained to the reporter: "This is the pipe where the desulfurization water from our thermal power plant enters the sewage plant. The function is to introduce the desulfurization water into the regulating pool of the sewage plant, and then carry out the corresponding sewage treatment."

According to Shi Jinping, the thermal power plant is located in the westernmost part of the company. Desulfurized water flows into the west side of the third plant in the form of open channel through the inner side of the boundary wall in the west of the second plant, and then flows into the sewage for regulation and treatment in the form of underground pipes. Later, Shi Jinping added that it flows into the desulfurization pretreatment tank and then to the sewage treatment system.

It is understood that the opening under the gate was broken later in order to lead the water into the desulfurization pre-treatment tank through the underground pipe. The reporter saw from the leak that it was originally sealed by cement and then broken, and there were still broken stones beside it.

According to Shi Jinping, before 2010, the desulfurized water directly flowed into the sewage plant through the pipe under the gate valve in the picture. After 2010, it was changed to flow into the sewage treatment system after desulfurization pretreatment.

However, the reporter wondered why the two remaining stones could still be seen today if they were changed from 2010 to go through desulfurization pretreatment before flowing into the sewage treatment system? Two years is not enough time to make these two stones disappear?

According to the explanation of Fengzhu Textile, the west end of the "small hole connecting the valve to the underground drainage" is desulfurization water, and the east end of the valve is bleaching wastewater. The company will start the desulfurization facilities according to the output, and the upper and lower outlets will flow into the desulfurization pretreatment tank and then to the sewage treatment system.

For the above explanation, the reporter was puzzled that since both the upper and lower outlets flow into the desulfurization pre-treatment tank and then to the sewage treatment system, why should two openings be opened? What about gate control?

"The valve is used to block the flow direction. All the desulfurization water of the company is discharged into the pretreatment facility for treatment." Shi Jinping replied.

Doubt 3:

Desulfurized water? Vulcanization dyeing residue?

At the sewage disposal site, when the reporter walked near the drainage well, he could see that the sewage with obvious dark color flowed to the leak below the valve, and bubbles constantly emerged. The above experts suspect that the colored sewage is caused by the company's use of sulfur dyes, which should have been banned.

Shi Jinping explained that this is the desulfurization water of the thermal power plant. The color of the sewage is because the desulfurizing absorbent is the waste water discharged from the dyeing and finishing workshop. The alkalinity is 10.0~11.0. The alkaline substances in the waste water are used to absorb sulfur dioxide to achieve the purpose of flue gas desulfurization. Therefore, the waste water discharged is also chromatic and enters the waste water conditioning treatment.

It is understood that the water of the thermal power plant must undergo desulfurization treatment before it can be mixed with other sewage. However, according to the above answers of Fengzhu Textile, the desulfurization water in the thermal power plant has color because the desulfurization absorbent it uses is the wastewater discharged from the dyeing and finishing workshop. This is different from the expert's statement that the desulfurization water of the thermal power plant must be desulfurized before mixing with other sewage. In this regard, experts said that they would go to the scene to observe.

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A Beijing environmental protection organization told the reporter that it was impossible to judge where the sewage was discharged from the pictures, but only to know that it was discharged underground. At the same time, it was directly discharged from the printing and dyeing plant, so it was not treated. If there is a river nearby, it may be discharged into the river, but further evidence is needed.

It is understood that printing, dyeing and finishing are the largest source of pollution, accounting for 80% of water pollution in the textile industry. According to the reporter, the environmental protection personnel said that the sewage will flow directly into the local groundwater or rivers, causing direct pollution to the environment.

When the reporter walked out of the factory of Fengzhu Textile, he could see the Jinjiang River passing through the road soon after he walked along the road. According to Shi Jinping, once the river was polluted, Jinjiang citizens promised to find the company. Therefore, the company would not have any illegal discharge.

The main reason is that the cost of pollution control is higher than the pollution punishment

Why do some enterprises directly discharge pollutants without treatment? This question came to the reporter's mind.

According to the introduction of environmentalists, the reporter deeply recognized two words - cost. According to the reporter, in order to treat sewage, the first thing to do is to buy environmental protection equipment, and also buy related treatment chemicals. In addition, the operation of environmental protection equipment is also a cost, and accounts for a large proportion. Not only that, the enterprise also has to pay the corresponding sewage treatment fees of the environmental protection department.

All kinds of expenses add up, and the cost keeps accumulating, which leads to the situation that small enterprises do not buy environmental protection equipment, but enterprises that buy environmental protection equipment are idle.

"Sewage treatment mainly includes power consumption, drug consumption, equipment depreciation, labor, etc., among which power consumption, treatment agents, and equipment depreciation are the most expensive." Shi Jinping introduced to reporters that auxiliary chemicals needed for sewage treatment include aluminum sulfate, decolorizing agent, ferrous sulfate, lime, polyacrylamide, etc. He said that the investment in sewage treatment facilities must have capital, technology and other conditions, and enterprises that do not have the conditions can not do it.

The reporter learned from the local investigation that if the enterprise carries out environmental protection, not only the production cost will increase, but also the associated product price will rise, which will affect the orders of the enterprise. In order to save costs and lower product prices, the direct discharge of sewage by enterprises is regarded as normal by managers.

As the financial data of Fengzhu Textile about the cost of sewage treatment has not been disclosed through the exchange, the cost of sewage treatment has not been disclosed to reporters.

According to the 2011 annual report of Fengzhu Textile, the operating profit margin of bleaching and dyeing in the main business of Fengzhu Textile is the lowest, which is 7.26% negative, 17.14% lower than that of the previous year. It can be said that it is a loss making operation, and its operating income is also 31.53% lower than that of the previous year. At the same time, the operating cost of the main business of bleaching and dyeing is also 18.51% lower than that of the previous year.

In the past years, the gross profit rate of the dyeing and bleaching business of Fengzhu Textile has been declining year by year. Before 2006, the gross profit rate was still around 24%, and by 2007, the gross profit rate had dropped to 13.87%. From 2009 to 2010, the gross profit rate of the company's bleaching and dyeing business hovered around 10%, until the gross profit rate was reported to be - 11.79% in the middle of 2011, and the company began to operate the bleaching and dyeing business at a loss.

It is hard to imagine that the printing and dyeing sector, which is the most polluting in the textile industry, should still be operating at a loss. It is conceivable that enterprises are eager to save costs. So, how much does sewage treatment cost? Let's take a look at the company's other main sewage treatment for comparison.

The reporter did not find the data of the original sewage treatment main business of Fengzhu Textile in 2010 and 2011. However, its sewage treatment business income in 2009 could reach 1.0378 million yuan, and its operating profit was 281500 yuan. It can be seen from the annual report that the operating cost of the company's sewage treatment business in 2009 was up to 756300 yuan, nearly twice the operating profit.

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A local environmental protection organization told reporters that in order to ensure tax revenue and economic development, the local government could not let these big polluters move. Due to the large number of polluting enterprises, the environmental protection department is unable to check, and even some enterprises will stop production or start the pollution treatment equipment to muddle through the inspection by the environmental protection department. Even if it is found and fined, the enterprise does not care. The main reason is that the fine for pollution discharge is often much lower than the cost of pollution control.

According to data, on October 8, 2010, Fujian Province The Environmental Protection Bureau decided to impose a fine of 9.56 million yuan on Zijin Mining. However, the largest penalty for environmental violations since the founding of the People's Republic of China is a drop in the bucket for Zijin Mining, whose net profit in the first half of 2010 exceeded 2.7 billion yuan.